Cheilitis represents a heterogeneous group of inflammatory lip disorders, encompassing various clinical forms — from contact and angular to actinic, exfoliative, granulomatous, and glandular variants. Their clinical significance is determined not only by their widespread prevalence but also by the oncological potential of certain forms, particularly actinic cheilitis. The purpose of this article is to systematize modern approaches to the treatment of cheilitis and to assess their effectiveness in relation to etiology and pathogenesis.

A review of domestic and international literature from 2015–2025 was conducted, including clinical studies, meta-analyses, and case reports. It was found that angular cheilitis is effectively treated with topical antifungals and antibacterial ointments, provided local risk factors are corrected. Actinic cheilitis requires active management: the most effective methods are photodynamic therapy (70–90% complete response rates), laser techniques, and surgical vermilionectomy in cases of severe dysplasia. Exfoliative cheilitis remains a therapeutic challenge, requiring a combination of topical agents and psychotherapy. Granulomatous cheilitis demonstrates variable treatment response, with the use of biologics emerging as a promising therapeutic approach.

Thus, treatment of cheilitis should be both comprehensive and individualized. Promising directions include photodynamic therapy, topical immunomodulators, and biologics, while actinic cheilitis requires the closest monitoring due to its high risk of malignant transformation.

cheilitis, actinic cheilitis, angular cheilitis, treatment, photodynamic therapy, laser ablation, biologic therapy.

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