Obesity represents one of the most significant risk factors for perioperative complications due to profound alterations in respiratory, cardiovascular, and metabolic physiology. These changes complicate the administration of anesthesia and increase the likelihood of respiratory and hemodynamic adverse events. The implementation of modern protocols for the anesthetic management of obese patients—encompassing optimized preoperative preparation, advanced airway management technologies, evidence-based ventilation strategies, pharmacokinetically guided dosing of anesthetic drugs, and enhanced monitoring—has considerably improved patient safety. This review summarizes current recommendations for anesthetic care in obese individuals at all stages: preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative.

obesity, anesthesia, difficult airway, ventilation, respiratory complications, ERAS, ketamine, inhalation anesthesia, regional anesthesia.

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