This article analyzes the topology of telecommunication networks (TN) with various structures and reveals that, despite the numerous ways to connect nodes, network construction is based on three main (basic) topologies: bus, ring, and star. It is shown that in telecommunication networks, radial, ring, and radial-ring structures are among the most frequently used typical structures. The penalty function method determines the optimal TN structure based on the criterion of overall network reduced costs. Additionally, when choosing the most preferred basic typical structure for building telecommunication networks, the relative efficiency coefficient is proposed as an indicator.

Telecommunication network, network structure, network topology

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