This research inquiry delves into the phenomenon of language anxiety among postgraduate students at Yarmouk University in Jordan. Through a mixed-methods approach, encompassing surveys and interviews, the study investigates the prevalence, causes, and impacts of language anxiety in the academic context. Findings highlight the multifaceted nature of language anxiety, revealing its association with factors such as language proficiency, communication apprehension, and academic pressure. Cultural and institutional influences are also explored to elucidate their roles in shaping students' experiences of language anxiety. The study underscores the significance of addressing language anxiety to foster a supportive learning environment conducive to academic success and personal well-being among postgraduate students.

Texts are not only the work of a single author but rather the result of their intertextuality or how different texts are influenced by one another. The idea that a text cannot stand alone is central to intertextuality.

Unlike other forms of literature, poetry may be difficult for many readers to comprehend and enjoy. In order to determine whether intertextuality enhances imaginative reading, this research will examine Arnold's Dover Beach poem. This study set out to address the question: Does Arnold's Dover Beach, which uses intertextuality, encourage more imaginative reading? In order to address the research issue, the study used a literature review and qualitative research methods. The research found that reading and comprehending poetry is improved by knowing how authors utilize and interact with intertextuality, based on analyzing the four stanzas of Mathew Arnold's poem Dover Beach using the Fairclough model.

In today's highly interconnected global society, proficiency in the English language is crucial for achieving success in diverse academic, professional, and cultural settings. This abstract explores the vital role of a language teaching environment in facilitating the learning and achievement of ESL students. Establishing a linguistic didactic environment aims to enhance language acquisition outcomes by employing diverse instructional strategies, resources, and contextual factors. This study explores the impact of incorporating technology, the importance of cultural and contextual relevance in language instruction, and the benefits of immersive and interactive learning environments. This study showcases the effectiveness of personalized instructional methods in improving language competency. It assesses both quantitative and qualitative data from educational institutions and language programs. The findings suggest that learning a second language is expedited, and understanding and enjoying a second language is enhanced in a carefully organized instructional environment focused on language learning. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of employing adaptable teaching methods that cater to the diverse needs of learners, resulting in enhanced confidence and fluency in the desired language. The results of this study will be beneficial for policymakers, curriculum creators, and teachers in their efforts to determine the most effective methods for teaching English as a second language.

Many factors, including societal shifts, technology, culture, and history, contribute to literary language's gradual but steady development. Literary language has changed throughout history to reflect new social and intellectual paradigms, and this research follows that change from antiquity to the present day. Examining the written traditions of classical antiquity, the Middle Ages, and the Renaissance follows an examination of the oral traditions of ancient civilizations when storytelling played a crucial role in preserving history and culture. Literary language differs between periods due to the influence of prevalent linguistic conventions, philosophical ideas, and technological developments.

Moving from verbal to written communication is a watershed moment because it paves the way for textual standardization and preservation. Greek and Latin were the de jure languages of the classical period when many literary genres and styles flourished. Various vernacular languages emerged during the Middle Ages when oral and written traditions mingled.

A more sophisticated and nuanced use of language was one of the many benefits of the Renaissance, which saw an upsurge in creative activity and a return to classical study. Making books more widely available and aiding in linguistic standardization, the printing press was invented in the fifteenth century and profoundly impacted the distribution of literary works.

Examining how the Enlightenment, Romanticism, and Industrial Revolution affected literary language, the research delves further into how these eras mirrored more significant social shifts. As a result of increased communication across borders, new technologies, and the proliferation of online media, literary vocabulary has become more diverse than at any time in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.

Literary language's evolution demonstrates how human expression is ever-changing, adjusting to novel situations and technological advances. A thorough analysis of this development is given in this work, which sheds light on the complex interplay of literature, language, and society.