This study delves into the exploration of optical characteristics in zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) synthesized via a one-step mechanochemical method. ZnO NPs have garnered significant attention due to their unique optical properties, which find applications in various fields, including optoelectronics and photocatalysis. The one-step mechanochemical synthesis offers a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach for the production of ZnO NPs. The research entails a comprehensive investigation of the optical properties of these nanoparticles, including their absorption and emission spectra, bandgap energy, and photoluminescence behavior. The findings provide valuable insights into the potential applications of ZnO NPs in advanced optical devices and materials.