Rhinovirus infection, commonly known as the common cold, is one of the most prevalent and widespread viral infections affecting humans worldwide. With over 100 distinct strains identified, rhinovirus is responsible for an estimated 30-50% of all upper respiratory tract infections. The impact of rhinovirus infection on public health cannot be overstated, as it accounts for millions of cases of illness and billions of dollars in healthcare costs and lost productivity annually. This article aims to provide an in-depth exploration of the rhinovirus infection, including its virology, transmission, clinical manifestations, and implications for public health.

Rhinovirus, respiratory pathology, wheezing, pneumonia, bronchiolitis, asthma.

Çalışkan M., Bochkov Y.A., Kreiner-Møller E., Bønnelykke K., Stein M.M., Du G., Bisgaard H., Jackson D.J., Gern J.E., Lemanske R.F., Jr., et al. Rhinovirus wheezing illness and genetic risk of childhood-onset asthma. N. Engl. J. Med. 2013; 368:1398–1407. Doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1211592.

Zhang Y., Willis-Owen S.A.G., Spiegel S., Lloyd C.M., Moffatt M.F., Cookson W.O.C.M. The ORMDL3 Asthma Gene Regulates ICAM1 and Has Multiple Effects on Cellular Inflammation. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2019; 199:478–488. Doi: 10.1164/rccm.201803-0438OC.

Bønnelykke K., Sleiman P., Nielsen K., Kreiner-Møller E., Mercader J.M., Belgrave D. A genome-wide association study identifies CDHR3 as a susceptibility locus for early childhood asthma with severe exacerbations. Nat. Genet. 2014; 46:51–55. Doi: 10.1038/ng.2830.

Kanazawa J., Masuko H., Patagia Y., Sakamoto T., Yamada H., Kaneko Y. Genetic association of the functional CDHR3 genotype with early-onset adult asthma in Japanese populations. Allergol. Int. 2017; 66:563–567. doi: 10.1016/j.alit.2017.02.012.

Shigemasa R., Masuko H., Hyodo K., Kitazawa H., Kanazawa J., Yatagai Y., Iijima H., Naito T., Saito T., Hirota T., et al. Genetic impact of CDHR3 on the adult onset of asthma and COPD. Clin. Exp. Allergy. 2020; 50:1223–1229. doi: 10.1111/cea.13699.

Palmenberg A.C. Rhinovirus C, Asthma, and Cell Surface Expression of Virus Receptor CDHR3. J. Virol. 2017;91: e00072-17. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00072-17.