The human skin is not merely a physical barrier but a complex ecosystem hosting a diverse community of microorganisms known as the microbiome. Disruption of this microbial balance, or dysbiosis, is increasingly recognized as a precursor to various dermatological conditions, including atopic dermatitis and acne vulgaris. This article presents a study conducted at the Department of Dermatology and Venereology of Andijan State Medical Institute. Using the IMRAD framework, the research evaluates the efficacy of a preventive skincare regimen focused on microbiome support compared to traditional hygiene practices. The study involved sixty participants with early signs of skin barrier compromise. One group utilized aggressive antibacterial cleansers, while the other used pH-balanced prebiotic formulations. The results indicate that preserving the acid mantle and supporting commensal flora significantly reduces transepidermal water loss and inflammatory markers. The study concludes that shifting the paradigm from "sterilization" to "microbiome stewardship" offers a potent strategy for the primary prevention of skin diseases.

The stability of the adhesive bond between the bracket base and the enamel surface is a fundamental factor determining the success and efficiency of orthodontic treatment. Frequent bracket failure leads to prolonged treatment duration and increased financial costs. This article presents an empirical study conducted at the Department of Orthopedic Stomatology and Orthodontics of Andijan State Medical Institute. The research utilizes the IMRAD structure to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index of three distinct generations of orthodontic adhesive systems. The study involved the mechanical testing of extracted human premolars bonded with conventional light-cure composite, a self-etching primer system, and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement. The results indicate that while conventional light-cure composites offer the highest initial bond strength, self-etching systems provide adequate clinical stability with significantly reduced risk of enamel damage upon removal. The findings suggest that the choice of adhesive material requires a clinical balance between maximum retention and the preservation of the enamel structure.

Background: The success of dental implantation is largely determined by the quality of osseointegration and the preservation of marginal bone levels. While the traditional protocol involves a delayed loading period to ensure stress-free healing, recent trends suggest that early functional loading may stimulate bone remodeling and accelerate healing. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of fixed prosthetics on implants with early functional loading based on clinical and functional studies, specifically focusing on bone tissue dynamics and microcirculation. Methods: The study involved 90 patients aged 25 to 61 years with partial edentulism. Patients were divided into three groups: Group 1 received two-stage implants with delayed loading; Group 2 received implants with early functional loading (prosthetics after 1 month); and Group 3 received traditional bridge prostheses on natural teeth. Assessment methods included 3D radiography (CBCT) to monitor bone density, Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF) to evaluate microcirculatory bed hemodynamics, and resonance frequency analysis to measure implant stability. Monitoring was conducted at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Results: The study revealed that controlled early functional loading provides a physiological stimulus to the peri-implant bone tissue, preventing atrophy associated with disuse. LDF data showed a faster recovery of microcirculation in the early loading group compared to the delayed group. 3D radiographic analysis demonstrated stable bone levels and increased mineralization density in the functional loading group over the 12-month period. Conclusion: Early functional loading of dental implants, when applied with proper indication, accelerates the rehabilitation process and ensures high stability of the implant through the stimulation of osteogenesis and angiogenesis.

Inula helenium L. (elecampane) is an important medicinal plant, and pharmacological studies conducted on its roots are widely distributed worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Numerous data are available on its traditional use among local populations, including applications for wound healing, skin diseases, ophthalmic disorders, colic, gastric ulcers, diarrhea, dysentery, fever, gynecological diseases, sleep disorders, oral rinses, anti-inflammatory purposes, insecticidal uses, and others [1]. Phytochemical investigations have demonstrated that many of its components are bioactive due to the presence of a wide range of secondary metabolites, such as terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, and chromene derivatives, which have been evaluated through in vitro, in vivo, or clinical studies [2]. Reported pharmacological activities include antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, antispasmodic action, radioprotective effects against gamma irradiation, anticancer and free radical scavenging activities, antimalarial properties, and others. The data summarized herein are intended to support further research related to ethnopharmacology, natural product chemistry, and pharmaceutical sciences, as well as to assist researchers and practitioners in these fields [3].

This article assesses oral health-related quality of life in elderly patients requiring orthopedic rehabilitation using the validated OHIP-14 questionnaire. The survey was administered before prosthetic treatment and on day 33 after prosthesis placement. Within-group and between-group comparisons were performed, including total score dynamics and distribution across quality-of-life categories (“good”, “satisfactory”, “unsatisfactory”). The results demonstrated marked improvement after treatment, with a substantial decrease in total OHIP-14 scores in Groups 1 and 2, indicating a shift toward “good” quality of life. Group 3 also showed positive changes, although the magnitude of improvement was smaller and overall outcomes more frequently remained within the “satisfactory” range. The findings emphasize the clinical and psychosocial value of orthopedic rehabilitation in elderly patients.

This review article examines the influence of family habits and lifestyle on the development of immune resistance in children from the perspective of medical prevention and social hygiene. The article analyzes data from modern studies on the role of nutrition, sleep patterns, physical activity levels, hygiene skills, the psycho-emotional climate in the family, as well as parental behavioral factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, attitudes toward vaccination) in the development of a child's immune system. It is shown that the family environment is a key modifiable factor determining the incidence of infectious diseases, adaptive capacity, and overall health of children. Particular attention is paid to early childhood as a critical period of immune programming. The importance of preventive measures aimed at developing healthy family habits is emphasized as the basis for strengthening immunity and reducing disease incidence in the child population.

This review article examines the social and hygienic aspects of the health of children with disabilities from the perspective of preventive medical care and public health. It analyzes current data on the impact of socioeconomic conditions, family environment, access to medical care, and educational institutions on the health of this group of children. Particular attention is paid to the role of environmental factors, upbringing conditions, and lifestyle in the development of chronic diseases and functional disorders. Research findings indicating the increased vulnerability of children with disabilities to adverse social and hygienic influences are summarized. The importance of a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach, including medical, social, and preventive measures aimed at improving the quality of life and strengthening the health of children with disabilities, is emphasized.

Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is one of the most common autoimmune thyroid diseases, leading to hypothyroidism. In recent years, the role of trace elements, particularly zinc, in regulating immune processes and their impact on the development and progression of autoimmune diseases has attracted the attention of researchers. Despite existing data on the importance of zinc in immune homeostasis, antioxidant defense, and thyroid hormone synthesis, its impact on the clinical manifestations of AIT remains understudied. To study the relationship between serum zinc levels and clinical parameters of autoimmune thyroiditis in patients.

 Cancer is a complex pathological process that occurs as a result of uncontrolled changes in cells at the genetic and epigenetic levels. This article analyzes the main molecular mechanisms, structural and functional changes that occur at the cellular level in cancer development. Mutations of oncogenes and antitumor genes, cell cycle disorders, apoptosis evasion, angiogenesis and metastasis processes are covered based on scientific sources. The results of the article serve to better understand the pathogenesis of cancer and develop new therapeutic strategies.

This scientific article presents modern concepts of prions, their origin and structure, the biological basis of prion diseases, and their practical significance. The study analyzes the ability of prion proteins to transform into pathogenic forms without genetic or epigenetic alterations, their association with neurodegenerative diseases, as well as their importance in medicine, veterinary science, and food safety. Special attention is paid to the unique infectious nature of prions, which challenges classical biological paradigms and raises important issues related to biosafety and epidemiology.

This article assesses oral health-related quality of life in elderly patients requiring orthopedic rehabilitation using the validated OHIP-14 questionnaire. The survey was administered before prosthetic treatment and on day 33 after prosthesis placement. Within-group and between-group comparisons were performed, including total score dynamics and distribution across quality-of-life categories (“good”, “satisfactory”, “unsatisfactory”). The results demonstrated marked improvement after treatment, with a substantial decrease in total OHIP-14 scores in Groups 1 and 2, indicating a shift toward “good” quality of life. Group 3 also showed positive changes, although the magnitude of improvement was smaller and overall outcomes more frequently remained within the “satisfactory” range. The findings emphasize the clinical and psychosocial value of orthopedic rehabilitation in elderly patients.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the biological and biomechanical foundations of osseointegration in dental implantology, its sequential stages, and the key determinants influencing the long-term stability of dental implants. Osseointegration is defined as the process of establishing a firm, functional, and histologically direct connection between the implant material and living bone tissue; therefore, the overall success of implant therapy is directly dependent on this mechanism. The article scientifically elucidates how the regenerative capacity of bone tissue, osteoblastic activity, angiogenesis, the micro- and macro-architecture of the implant surface, its chemical composition, and surface biocompatibility influence the effectiveness of osseointegration. In addition, the impact of patient-related factors—such as general somatic status, age, bone density and quality, metabolic disorders (diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis), harmful habits (smoking), oral hygiene status, inflammatory conditions, and the state of local blood circulation—on the osseointegration process is analyzed separately. The precision of the surgical technique, the degree of bone tissue trauma during implant placement, primary implant stability, the timing of functional loading, and the appropriate selection of the prosthetic protocol are highlighted as essential prerequisites for successful osseointegration. Furthermore, the article discusses modern implant materials, particularly the biocompatibility of titanium and its alloys, as well as the role of surface-modified implants (plasma-sprayed coatings, sandblasting, acid etching, and bioactive coatings) in achieving rapid and strong bone integration, based on current scientific literature. Moreover, the effectiveness of regenerative technologies currently applied to accelerate osseointegration and improve implant success rates—including growth factors and PRF/PRP methods—is also addressed. The findings of this study contribute to optimizing osseointegration in clinical dental implant practice, reducing the risk of complications, and ensuring the long-term functional stability of dental implants. This article has both theoretical and practical significance for dental practitioners, implantologists, and scientific researchers, offering evidence-based approaches aimed at improving implant treatment outcomes.

Psoriasis is a chronic, immunе-mеdiatеd inflammatory skin disеasе charactеrizеd by distinct еpidеrmal and dеrmal altеrations, thе sеvеrity and pattеrn of which vary among diffеrеnt clinical forms. Thе prеsеnt study aimеd to invеstigatе thе morphological changеs of thе еpidеrmis and dеrmis in various clinical forms of psoriasis and to dеtеrminе thеir clinicopathological corrеlations. Skin biopsy spеcimеns obtainеd from patiеnts with diffеrеnt clinical typеs of psoriasis wеrе analyzеd using routinе histopathological mеthods. Еpidеrmal changеs such as hypеrkеratosis, parakеratosis, acanthosis, еlongation of rеtе ridgеs, and thinning of thе suprapapillary platеs wеrе еvaluatеd, along with dеrmal fеaturеs including vascular dilation, inflammatory cеll infiltration, and еdеma. Thе rеsults dеmonstratеd that thе еxtеnt and combination of еpidеrmal and dеrmal morphological altеrations diffеrеd significantly dеpеnding on thе clinical form of psoriasis. Plaquе psoriasis showеd pronouncеd еpidеrmal hypеrprolifеration and inflammatory infiltration, whеrеas othеr clinical variants еxhibitеd distinct histomorphological pattеrns. Thеsе findings highlight thе importancе of comprеhеnsivе morphological assеssmеnt in undеrstanding thе pathogеnеsis of psoriasis and may contributе to improvеd diagnostic accuracy and pеrsonalizеd thеrapеutic approachеs.