Carotid artery stenosis is a narrowing of the carotid arteries, which can significantly affect cerebral perfusion. This process leads to reduced blood flow to the brain and increases the risk of ischemic stroke in some cases. The morphology of stenosis (its shape and structure) and the dynamics of blood flow are critical in understanding how stenosis influences cerebral perfusion. In addition, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), an enzyme involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, has emerged as a key biomarker in ischemia prediction. This article aims to explore the interplay between carotid artery stenosis, hemodynamic changes, and the role of MMP-9 in predicting cerebral ischemia.

Carotid artery stenosis, morphology, cerebral perfusion, MMP-9, ischemic stroke, plaque rupture, turbulent flow, hemodynamics, biomarkers, ischemia prediction.

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