Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of conditions, including abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and dyslipidemia, which significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study examines MS among physicians, analyzing its genetic predisposition, external risk factors, and pathophysiological mechanisms. The role of insulin resistance, adipocyte dysfunction, and free fatty acids in exacerbating metabolic disturbances is discussed. Various definitions and diagnostic criteria for MS are compared, highlighting inconsistencies in global prevalence estimation. Finally, pharmacological interventions, particularly metformin, are reviewed as a treatment option for MS when lifestyle modifications prove insufficient.

Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Resistance, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity, Cardiovascular Disease, Dyslipidemia.

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