Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the joints, leading to inflammation, pain, and eventual joint destruction. In its late stages, RA can cause severe disability, extra-articular manifestations, and reduced quality of life. Managing late-stage RA requires a multidisciplinary approach that includes pharmacological treatments, surgical interventions, and lifestyle modifications. This article explores the various treatment options for late-stage RA, focusing on disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biologic agents, corticosteroids, pain management strategies, and surgical interventions. Additionally, we discuss rehabilitation and supportive care strategies to enhance the quality of life for patients with advanced RA.

Rheumatoid arthritis, late-stage RA, DMARDs, biologic agents, joint replacement, pain management, rehabilitation.

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