The article presents a review and analytical study of the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as an additional method of treating autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in children, using the example of practice in the Republic of Karakalpakstan. The author, psychiatrist Umida Yusupbaevna Niyazimbetova, focuses on the relevance of the problem of early childhood autism, the difficulties of diagnosis and the limitations of traditional methods of therapy. TMS is considered as a promising, non-invasive neuromodulation technology capable of correcting key symptoms of ASD: decreased social adaptation, autostimulation, anxiety, and deficits in verbal and non-verbal communication. Based on data from international and domestic studies, including clinical observations at the Nukus Psychoneurological Dispensary, the potential effectiveness of TMS has been substantiated, especially when using repetitive (rTMS) and theta-rhythmic stimulation (iTBS). The proposed neurophysiological mechanisms of action of TMS are considered: restoration of the balance of excitation and inhibition in the brain, stimulation of the prefrontal cortex, improvement of neuroplasticity and emotional regulation. The need for an integrated approach combining TMS with behavioral therapy and cognitive rehabilitation is emphasized.

Despite the encouraging results, the author notes the limited evidence base, small samples and the need for further randomized controlled trials. Nevertheless, TMS is considered a promising direction in neuropsychiatry, opening up new opportunities for improving the quality of life of children with ASD.

autism, early childhood autism, autism spectrum disorders (ASD), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), neuromodulation, rTMS, iTBS, neuroplasticity, social adaptation, behavioral therapy, child psychiatry, innovative treatment methods.

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