Preterm birth (PTB), defined as delivery before 37 completed weeks of gestation, remains a major global challenge and is one of the leading causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Despite advancements in perinatal care, the incidence of PTB has not significantly declined. Effective prediction and prevention strategies are essential for reducing its impact. This article reviews current approaches and recent innovations in the prediction and prevention of preterm birth, including risk factor analysis, cervical length measurement, biomarker screening, and pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic preventive strategies.

Preterm birth, cervical length, progesterone therapy, fetal fibronectin, prediction, prevention, obstetrics, neonatal outcomes

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