Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide, requiring deeper investigation through experimental approaches. The purpose of this study is to review the most relevant models of experimental atherosclerosis and their contribution to understanding disease pathogenesis and treatment. Different experimental methods, including dietary induction, genetic modifications, and vascular injury, have been analyzed. Results demonstrate that while animal models provide essential insights into molecular and cellular mechanisms of atherosclerosis, each approach has unique limitations. The findings highlight the necessity of selecting models based on specific research objectives to ensure translational value.

atherosclerosis, experimental modeling, ApoE-deficient mice, diet-induced models, cardiovascular pathology

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