This article is devoted to the genetic and epigenetic causes of Down syndrome, as well as modern medical and pedagogical methods of treatment. The article analyzes the genetic mutations of Down syndrome, manifestations of the disease in childhood and adolescence and their impact on the quality of life. The accuracy of symptoms, diagnostic methods (in situ hybridization, karyotyping) and the importance of early detection are considered. The effectiveness of drugs, physiotherapy, speech therapy, inclusive education and family counseling as methods of intervention is also assessed. The experimental part analyzes the metrics of diagnosis and rehabilitation based on clinical observations and social surveys. The discussion section compares with the scientific literature, considers the advantages and limitations of treatment methods, as well as prospects for further research. The conclusions note the need to strengthen the integrative approach to improve the quality of life of children with Down syndrome.

Down syndrome, genetic mutation, diagnostics, karyotyping, therapeutic rehabilitation, inclusive education, physiotherapy, family counseling.

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