Melatonin, a hormone synthesized by the pineal gland, is primarily known for its role in regulating circadian rhythms and sleep–wake cycles. However, emerging evidence indicates that melatonin also influences reproductive physiology by modulating the secretion of sex hormones. This article reviews the current scientific data concerning the effects of melatonin on estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone synthesis, as well as its physiological and clinical implications for reproductive health.

Melatonin, Sex hormones, Estrogen, Testosterone, Circadian rhythm, Reproductive health

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