Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and arterial hypertension (AH) are among the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide and frequently coexist in the same patient. Their combination significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This article explores the pathophysiological mechanisms linking T2DM and hypertension, highlighting the roles of insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, renal impairment, oxidative stress, and sympathetic nervous system activation. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for optimizing management strategies in clinical practice.

Type 2 diabetes, arterial hypertension, insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, metabolic syndrome.

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