Among the most frequent etiological factors contributing to the development of trigeminal neuralgia of predominantly central origin are vascular disorders—most notably hypertension—rheumatism, traumatic brain injury, and infectious diseases. Lesions of the central nervous system, including arachnoiditis and encephalitis, as well as acute cerebrovascular accidents, also play a significant role. Additional predisposing factors include the climacteric period, chronic bacterial (such as tonsillitis) and viral infections (influenza, ARVI), intoxication with various toxic substances (lead, copper, arsenic), endogenous intoxications, and endocrine pathologies. The condition most commonly affects individuals between 40 and 60 years of age.

Trigeminal neuralgia, central origin, vascular disorders, cerebrovascular diseases, pathogenesis, neural pain, cranial nerves, hypertension, neuroinflammation, middle age.

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