Breast cancer remains the most common malignancy among women worldwide, and early detection significantly improves treatment outcomes and survival. Imaging plays a critical role in screening, diagnosis, staging, treatment planning, and monitoring therapeutic response. This article reviews the major imaging modalities used in breast cancer evaluation, including mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nuclear medicine techniques such as PET-CT and scintimammography. The advantages, limitations, diagnostic accuracy, and current clinical indications of each method are discussed. Emerging technologies—contrast-enhanced mammography, AI-assisted image interpretation, and radiomics—are also highlighted as promising tools for improving diagnostic precision.

breast cancer, mammography, ultrasound, MRI, PET-CT, tomosynthesis, contrast-enhanced mammography, screening, radiology, imaging

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