This study experimentally evaluated the effects of a GLP-1 agonist (liraglutide) and metformin, administered separately and in combination, on insulin resistance, glucose tolerance, body weight, and metabolic parameters in a metabolic syndrome (MetS) model. A 12-week high-fat/fructose diet was used to induce MetS, followed by a 4-week pharmacological intervention. The combination of GLP-1 RA + metformin demonstrated a pronounced improvement in OGTT outcomes, a marked reduction in the HOMA-IR index, decreased body weight, regression of hepatic steatosis, and lowered oxidative stress markers. The combined therapy achieved stronger restoration of insulin sensitivity compared to monotherapy with either agent. The findings indicate that GLP-1 RA and metformin exhibit a potent synergistic therapeutic potential when used together for treating metabolic syndrome.

GLP-1 agonist, metformin, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, OGTT, HOMA-IR, hepatic steatosis.

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