This scientific work provides a thorough analysis of not only the clinical and medical aspects of pneumonia, but also its role in nature, ecological systems and microbiological balance. Pneumonia is a complex inflammatory process that can be of bacterial, viral, mycoplasma and fungal origin, which significantly changes the immunological response mechanisms of the organism, microbiocenosis and the ecological pathogen circulation system. During the study, the development, pathogenesis, epidemiological spread of pneumonia, ecological interactions associated with reservoirs and vectors, mechanisms of preservation and spread of pathogens in the natural environment are covered based on scientific sources.

Pneumonia: ecological significance; microbiota; epidemiology; pathogenesis; respiratory tract infections; bacterial pneumonia: viral pneumonia; zoonotic reservoirs; environmental environment; microbial circulation; immune response: respiratory pathogens; environmental microbiology; antibiotic resistance; cycles in nature; lung inflammation; clinical problems; public health; environmental safety.

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