Environmental law often requires balancing collective environmental interests with individual private rights such as property, development, and economic freedom. This article explores the legal frameworks, principles, and case law that guide courts and policymakers in resolving these conflicts. Using comparative examples, the paper analyzes how environmental protection can limit private rights, and under what legal conditions such limitations are justified. The study emphasizes the need for fair, transparent, and proportionate mechanisms to reconcile competing interests within the rule of law.

Environmental law, public interest, private rights, proportionality, legal conflict, sustainable development, property rights.

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