The integration of digital technologies such as remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS), drones, and real-time data platforms has significantly enhanced environmental monitoring capabilities worldwide. However, the rapid expansion of these technologies has outpaced the development of adequate legal frameworks to regulate their use, ensure data integrity, and protect privacy. This article explores the benefits and risks associated with digital environmental monitoring and examines the need for robust legal regulation to guide responsible and effective implementation. The paper provides a comparative overview of international practices and outlines key recommendations for national legislators.

Environmental monitoring, digital technology, legal regulation, GIS, drones, data protection, environmental law, smart governance.

United Nations Environment Programme (2021). Digital Transformation of Environmental Monitoring.

European Union. (2016). General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).

Aarhus Convention (1998) – Access to Information and Public Participation.

OECD. (2020). Smart Environmental Regulation Using Digital Tools.

World Bank. (2022). Technology and Governance in Environmental Protection.

UNECE. (2021). Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Guidelines.

National Geographic Society. (2020). Using Drones for Conservation and Environmental Justice.

Republic of Uzbekistan. (2023). Draft Law on Environmental Information Systems (unpublished).