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MOLECULAR AND FUNCTIONAL MECHANISMS OF CARDIAC PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: FROM CELLULAR INJURY TO ORGAN DYSFUNCTION

Rakhimov Khamidullo Odiljonovich , Assistant, Department of Pathological Physiology, Andijan State Medical Institute

Abstract

Background: Cardiac pathophysiology is driven by a complex interaction of molecular, structural, and systemic factors that impair myocardial performance.

Keywords

cardiac pathophysiology, ischemia-reperfusion injury, ventricular remodeling, mitochondrial dysfunction, calcium signaling, heart failure.

References

Neubauer S. Mechanisms of cardiac dysfunction. Lancet. 2021;397:1383–1396.

Yellon DM, Hausenloy DJ. Ischemia-reperfusion injury. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:1124–1136.

Hill JA, Olson EN. Cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. Annu Rev Physiol. 2019;81:623–648.

Bers DM. Calcium cycling in the failing heart. Circ Res. 2021;128:1108–1124.

Murphy E, Steenbergen C. Mitochondrial injury in cardiac pathophysiology. Circ Res. 2020;126:284–295.

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MOLECULAR AND FUNCTIONAL MECHANISMS OF CARDIAC PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: FROM CELLULAR INJURY TO ORGAN DYSFUNCTION. (2025). International Journal of Artificial Intelligence, 5(07), 703-705. https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai/article/view/5939