This article examines the theoretical, analytical, and organizational-economic aspects of enhancing the efficiency of services in Uzbekistan’s railway transport sector within the framework of innovative economic development. The study identifies the socio-economic significance of transport services, the main factors influencing their performance, and the necessity of innovation-oriented management models. Using a systematic approach, the research analyzes the development trends of the national railway system, key performance indicators, and institutional reforms aimed at increasing competitiveness and service quality. Comparative analysis of international practices—particularly those of the EU, Japan, and South Korea—demonstrates that technological modernization, digitalization, and public-private partnership are crucial determinants of efficiency growth. The results highlight that improving the effectiveness of Uzbekistan’s railway transport services requires an integrated mechanism that combines digital transformation, human capital development, and performance-based management. The paper concludes with practical recommendations for enhancing service quality, optimizing resource utilization, and strengthening the country’s position as a strategic transport hub in Central Asia.

Railway transport efficiency; service quality; innovative economy; digital transformation; Uzbekistan; organizational-economic mechanism; transport infrastructure; public-private partnership; logistics competitiveness; sustainable development

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