The operational efficiency of light industry transmission mechanisms is strongly influenced by friction, wear, and material tribological properties. Conventional metal gears exhibit accelerated wear under high speed and load conditions. This study evaluates the modernization of wear-prone transmission elements using composite materials. Experimental investigations of PA66 polyamide and PT-610/ PT-650 textolite composites focused on friction coefficient, wear rate, and thermal behavior. Results show that the friction coefficient decreased from 0.15 to 0.06, mass wear rate from 4.8 to 1.0 mg/h, and contact temperature from 82 °C to 54 °C compared to metal gears. Numerical simulations in SolidWorks Simulation confirmed improved stress distribution and reduced deformation. The findings demonstrate that composite-based transmissions enhance durability, reduce energy losses, and improve overall energy efficiency.

light industry machinery; tribology; friction; wear; composite materials; textolite; polyamide; transmission mechanisms; polymer gear; spur gear; wear rate; contact temperature; energy efficiency.

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