This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the theoretical, psychological, and pedagogical foundations of developing academic motivation among primary school pupils. It scientifically substantiates the essence of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, mechanisms of their development, and their relationship with the cognitive, emotional, and social developmental characteristics of young learners. The article also examines student-centered, play-based, and activity-oriented approaches to organizing lessons, as well as emotional, cognitive, and social mechanisms of motivation formation. The educational practices of developed countries such as Finland, Japan, and Canada are analyzed as effective models for establishing stable motivation. The work offers practical and theoretical value for primary school teachers, psychologists, and parents.

motivation, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, primary education, pedagogical approach, psychological development, play activity, learner-centered teaching, didactic principles, learning activity.

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