Monitoring systems in asset-intensive organisations depend on more than sensors, dashboards, and technical integration. Construction fleet telematics, smart-city platforms, and IoT-based operational systems require consent, coordination, and review from external stakeholders who control data access, public permissions, vendor interfaces, and compliance rules. Despite the rapid growth of the fleet telematics market — projected to expand from approximately USD 20 billion in 2025 to nearly USD 47 billion by 2034 — the organisational literature has not produced a structured model linking external stakeholder engagement to the specific decision sequence that monitoring-system projects follow. This review addresses that gap. It uses source analysis, comparative review, typologization, and conceptual synthesis to examine eighteen recent publications on public-sector digital transformation, smart-city data governance, construction digitalisation, collaborative governance, fleet telematics, stakeholder engagement frameworks, and data-privacy regulation. The review identifies three engagement models — centralised authorisation, distributed operational coordination, and hybrid governance — and proposes a five-gate implementation sequence connecting stakeholder classification, pilot perimeter design, data governance, operational escalation, and scale-up review. The article contributes a management-oriented implementation logic for large companies and public-facing operations where bureaucratic approval, city authority involvement, vendor dependency, and regulatory compliance shape the practical value of monitoring systems.

stakeholder engagement, monitoring systems, fleet telematics, data governance, digital implementation, hybrid governance, GDPR, decision rights

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Market Data Reference

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