Gastritis remains one of the most prevalent chronic inflammatory conditions of the stomach worldwide, with significant clinical and socioeconomic consequences. Modern preventive strategies increasingly emphasize the importance of morphofunctional alterations of the gastric mucosa, including structural changes, secretory dysfunction, and molecular markers of inflammation and atrophy. The present study provides a narrative analytical review of peer-reviewed articles indexed in PubMed and Scopus databases, focusing on the role of morphofunctional features in the prevention of gastritis. The analysis highlights key morphological indicators such as inflammatory cell infiltration, glandular atrophy, and intestinal metaplasia, as well as functional parameters including gastric acid secretion, pepsinogen levels, and gastrin regulation. Particular attention is paid to Helicobacter pylori–associated gastritis and the preventive impact of early eradication on mucosal recovery. The findings demonstrate that integrating morphologic assessment with functional biomarkers enables more effective risk stratification and targeted prevention. This review supports the implementation of combined morphofunctional approaches as a cornerstone of evidence-based gastritis prevention.

gastritis, prevention, morphofunctional features, gastric mucosa, Helicobacter pylori, atrophic gastritis

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