Oligohydramnios is a clinically significant obstetric condition associated with increased risks during labor and delivery. Reduced amniotic fluid volume disrupts normal biomechanical and physiological processes necessary for effective labor progression. This narrative analytical review examines evidence from PubMed and Scopus–indexed studies regarding the relationship between oligohydramnios, prolonged labor, and associated maternal and neonatal complications. The analysis highlights pathophysiological mechanisms linking low amniotic fluid volume with dysfunctional uterine contractions, delayed cervical dilation, increased fetal distress, and higher operative delivery rates. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for optimizing labor management and improving perinatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by oligohydramnios.

oligohydramnios, prolonged labor, obstetric complications, amniotic fluid, perinatal outcomes

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