Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains a leading cause of morbidity in infants, particularly when complicated by comorbid conditions such as congenital heart defects (CHD). The hemodynamic disturbances associated with CHD create a unique pathological environment that alters the immune response at the cellular level. This article presents a study conducted jointly by Tashkent State Medical University and Andijan State Medical Institute. Using the IMRAD framework, the research investigates the metabolic activity of peripheral blood monocytes by analyzing key enzymes: succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), acid phosphatase (AP), and myeloperoxidase (MPO). The study involved 58 children aged 6 months to 3 years, stratified by the presence of CHD and the severity of pneumonia. The results demonstrate that children with CHD exhibit profound metabolic suppression in immune cells, characterized by significantly reduced SDH activity and elevated lysosomal enzyme activity (AP) during the acute phase. The study concludes that cytochemical monitoring of monocytes provides a sensitive marker for assessing the severity of metabolic disturbances and predicting the clinical course of pneumonia in children with cardiac anomalies.

community-acquired pneumonia, congenital heart defects, monocytes, cytochemistry, succinate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, myeloperoxidase, infants.

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