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| Open Access |
https://doi.org/10.55640/
TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS: PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL LINKS AND MODERN THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES
Obloberdiyev Muxammad Komil ugli, Murtozoyeva O'g'iloy Saydulla kizi, Eshmamatova Fayyoza Boymamat kizi,Eshpo‘latova Ozoda Mashrab kizi,Suyunov Farrux Sayfullo ugli , 6th-year students of the Faculty of Pediatrics,5th-year student of the Faculty of General Medicine,5th-year student of the Faculty of Pediatrics, Samarkand State Medical UniversityAbstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder defined by insulin resistance, progressive pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, and persistent hyperglycemia. Cardiovascular disease represents the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients, driven by complex metabolic, inflammatory, and vascular mechanisms. Chronic hyperglycemia induces endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and dyslipidemia, which accelerate atherosclerosis and microvascular injury. Modern therapeutic approaches emphasize not only glycemic control but also cardiovascular risk reduction through pharmacological interventions including SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, statins, and antihypertensives, complemented by lifestyle modification. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiological links between T2DM and cardiovascular disease, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and contemporary evidence-based management strategies aimed at improving long-term outcomes.
Keywords
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, risk reduction.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.