This article analyzes the clinical characteristics, diagnostic principles, and modern treatment approaches for open wounds of the maxillofacial region. The etiology of injuries, the degree of tissue damage, and the risk of infection are shown to be the main factors in selecting appropriate treatment tactics. Timely and anatomically accurate primary surgical management plays a decisive role in preventing complications. Comprehensive treatment includes antibacterial therapy, local antiseptics, reconstructive surgery, and rehabilitation measures. The use of physiotherapy and functional exercises contributes to faster recovery of mastication and speech functions. The results demonstrate that a staged comprehensive approach reduces the frequency of infectious complications and improves functional and aesthetic outcomes. Early diagnosis and high-quality primary surgical treatment also significantly improve the patient’s quality of life and social adaptation.

Maxillofacial region, open wound, primary surgical treatment, infection prevention, antibiotic therapy, reconstructive surgery, rehabilitation, scar deformity, functional recovery, aesthetic outcome.

Alpert, B., & Tiwana, P. (2019). Management of soft tissue injuries in maxillofacial trauma. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 77(5), 1020–1028.

Bali, R. K., Sharma, P., Garg, A., & Dhillon, G. (2018). A comprehensive study on maxillofacial trauma cases. National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery, 9(2), 199–204.

Boffano, P., Roccia, F., Zavattero, E., Dediol, E., Uglešić, V., Kovacic, Z., ... & European Maxillofacial Trauma Group. (2015). European guidelines for the management of facial trauma. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, 43(6), 935–939.

Chrcanovic, B. R. (2017). Factors influencing infection in facial injuries. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 21(1), 23–29.

Ellis, E., & Graham, J. (2019). Use of antibiotics in facial fractures and soft tissue injuries. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 77(11), 2300–2306.

Gassner, R., Tuli, T., Hächl, O., Rudisch, A., & Ulmer, H. (2017). Craniomaxillofacial trauma: A 10-year review. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, 45(6), 989–995.

Kumar, S., & Rahman, S. A. (2020). Primary closure versus delayed closure in contaminated facial wounds. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 49(9), 1158–1164.

Olate, S., Lima, S. M., Sawazaki, R., Moreira, R. W. F., & Moraes, M. (2018). Surgical approaches for facial soft tissue trauma. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 29(3), e286–e290.