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https://doi.org/10.55640/
MODERN BIOMARKERS FOR THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF PREECLAMPSIA
Lochinova Ziyoda Ikromjon qizi,Shoira Tolkunovna Ismoilova , Central Asian Medical University, International Medical University, 1st-year Resident in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 64 Burhoniddin Marg‘inoniy Street, Fergana City, Uzbekistan,Central Asian Medical University, International Medical University, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology, 64 Burhoniddin Marg‘inoniy Street, Fergana City, Uzbekistan,Abstract
Preeclampsia is one of the most significant complications of pregnancy and remains an important cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. According to international epidemiological studies, this pathology develops in approximately 5–8% of pregnant women and is associated with significant disturbances in the cardiovascular, endothelial, and placental systems. Despite substantial advances in modern obstetric science, the early diagnosis of preeclampsia remains a complex clinical challenge. Traditional diagnostic methods based on the detection of arterial hypertension and proteinuria often allow the disease to be identified only at the stage of clinical manifestation, when pathological changes in the placenta and the maternal vascular system have already become pronounced. In recent years, considerable attention has been directed toward the study of molecular and biochemical markers that allow the identification of the risk of preeclampsia development at the preclinical stage. Modern biomarkers, including placental growth factor (PlGF), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), placental protein 13 (PP13), as well as various angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors, demonstrate high prognostic value. The use of these indicators significantly improves the effectiveness of early screening and prediction of pregnancy complications. The aim of this study is to analyze contemporary scientific data on the use of biomarkers in the early diagnosis of preeclampsia and to evaluate their diagnostic and prognostic significance. The study examines the main pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease, modern laboratory diagnostic methods, and promising directions for further research. The results of the analysis of scientific literature indicate that the implementation of comprehensive biomarker panels in clinical practice can significantly improve the accuracy of early detection of preeclampsia and contribute to reducing the risk of severe obstetric complications.
Keywords
preeclampsia, pregnancy, biomarkers, early diagnosis, angiogenic factors, placental growth factor, sFlt-1, endothelial dysfunction.
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