Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder that poses serious risks to maternal and fetal health. It is characterized by high blood pressure, proteinuria, and signs of organ dysfunction, often developing after the twentieth week of gestation. Early diagnosis and preventive strategies are essential for reducing maternal and perinatal complications. Modern diagnostic approaches, including laboratory tests, ultrasound, and Doppler assessment of uteroplacental blood flow, allow timely identification of high-risk pregnancies. Preventive measures, such as lifestyle management, regular prenatal monitoring, and pharmacological interventions in selected cases, can significantly reduce the incidence and severity of the disease. This study analyzes the causes, risk factors, pathophysiology, early diagnosis, preventive strategies, and clinical significance of preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia, pregnancy, hypertension, proteinuria, early diagnosis, prevention, maternal health, fetal health.

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). (2020). Hypertension in Pregnancy. Report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 135(2), e237–e260.

Roberts, J. M., & Hubel, C. A. (2019). The two-stage model of preeclampsia: Variations on the theme. Placenta, 79, 59–64.

Redman, C. W. G., & Sargent, I. L. (2017). Immunology of pre-eclampsia. Seminars in Immunopathology, 39, 1–14.

Tranquilli, A. L., Dekker, G., Magee, L., et al. (2018). The classification, diagnosis and management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A revised statement from the ISSHP. Pregnancy Hypertension, 13, 291–310.

Levine, R. J., Maynard, S. E., Qian, C., et al. (2019). Circulating angiogenic factors and the risk of preeclampsia. New England Journal of Medicine, 350(7), 672–683.

Magee, L. A., von Dadelszen, P., Singer, J., et al. (2020). Diagnosis, evaluation, and management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Pregnancy Hypertension, 19, 1–15.

Roberts, J. M., & Gammill, H. S. (2019). Preeclampsia: Recent insights. Hypertension, 73(6), 1204–1211.

Ahmadova, D., & Toshpulatova, N. (2020). Homiladorlikdagi preeklampsiya va uni oldini olish choralari. Tibbiyot va Salomatlik, 4(2), 12–18.

Ismoilova, S. (2021). Homiladorlikda gipertenziya va preeklampsiyaning oldini olish strategiyalari. Tashkent Medical Journal, 3(1), 22–29.