The dual burden of malnutrition, characterized by the paradoxical coexistence of childhood obesity and iron-deficiency anemia, poses a severe threat to public health. This article presents a cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Hygiene and Ecology of Andijan State Medical Institute. Using the IMRAD framework, the research investigates the impact of nutritional hygiene and dietary habits on the anthropometric and hematological profiles of 150 school-age children in the Fergana Valley. The study reveals a significant correlation between the consumption of highly processed, energy-dense but nutrient-poor foods and the simultaneous development of excessive body weight and anemia. Children with poor nutritional hygiene scores exhibited a threefold higher risk of developing this dual burden. The authors conclude that educational interventions focusing on the hygiene of nutrition, promoting whole foods, and regulating school meals are imperative to prevent early metabolic and cardiovascular derangements.

nutritional hygiene, childhood obesity, iron-deficiency anemia, school-age children, public health, metabolic syndrome.

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