This article comprehensively examines the processes of cell regeneration and tissue repair from histological, biological, and clinical perspectives. Regeneration is an essential adaptive property of the organism, ensuring the functional integrity of tissues through the restoration of damaged or lost cells. The study analyzes the main types of regeneration—physiological, reparative, and pathological—and compares the regenerative capacities of different tissues.

Cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis are explored as key mechanisms of regeneration. The role of stem cells in regeneration, their types, and their applications in modern medicine are extensively analyzed. Additionally, pathological conditions associated with impaired regeneration are discussed.

The results show that the regenerative capacity of tissues depends on their histological structure: epithelial tissue has a high regenerative ability, whereas nervous tissue has a low capacity. In-depth study of regenerative processes is considered one of the key directions of future medicine.

Regeneration, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, tissue repair, stem cells, regenerative medicine.

Junqueira L.C. — Basic Histology

Ross M.H. — Histology Atlas

Alberts B. — Molecular Biology

Kumar V. — Robbins Pathology

Guyton A.C. — Medical Physiology

Gartner L. — Histology Atlas

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