Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for approximately 17.9 million deaths annually. Prevention of these diseases is a critical public health priority and involves a combination of lifestyle modifications, early detection of risk factors, and appropriate pharmacological interventions. This study aimed to analyze the methods of prevention of cardiovascular diseases and to evaluate their effectiveness in reducing the burden of CVD.The research was conducted using a theoretical and analytical approach based on a comprehensive review of modern scientific literature in cardiology, preventive medicine, and public health. Particular attention was given to modifiable risk factors, including arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, smoking, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, and obesity.The results indicate that effective prevention of cardiovascular diseases depends on a combination of population-based strategies and individual high-risk approaches. Lifestyle interventions—such as regular physical activity, adherence to a balanced diet (e.g., Mediterranean diet), smoking cessation, and weight management—significantly reduce cardiovascular risk. Additionally, early detection and optimal management of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia through pharmacological therapy play a crucial role in both primary and secondary prevention.Understanding and implementing evidence-based prevention strategies is essential for reducing the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, improving population health outcomes, and decreasing healthcare costs associated with CVD complications

cardiovascular diseases, prevention, risk factors, lifestyle modification, hypertension, dyslipidemia, physical activity, smoking cessation, primary prevention

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