Congenital heart defects (CHD) are structural defects of the heart and (or) great vessels that are present in the patient from birth. Most defects disrupt blood flow within the heart or within the large and small blood circulation. Heart defects are the most common congenital defects and are the main cause of death in children due to developmental defects. Congenital heart defects are a significant problem in pediatrics due to the fact that they cause serious health problems and disability in children, their prevalence and the need for early surgical correction. Pathophysiologically, the main problem in CHD is the presence of pathological connections (shunts), narrowings or incorrect connections between the chambers of the heart and ventricles or in the system of great vessels. For example, blood flows from left to right or vice versa through interventricular or interventricular foramina, which reduces the degree of oxygen saturation of the blood and overloads the heart.

Congenital heart defect, Interventricular, Interventricular, Blood flow

The Lancet — Tug‘ma yurak kasalliklari bo‘yicha maqolalar

Journal of the American College of Cardiology — Pediatric cardiology tadqiqotlari

Circulation — Yurak-qon tomir kasalliklari bo‘yicha ilmiy maqolalar

Braunwald’s Heart Disease — A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 11-nashr, Elsevier

World Health Organization — Tug‘ma nuqsonlar va bolalar salomatligi bo‘yicha hisobotlar