Articles
| Open Access |
https://doi.org/10.55640/
PATHOGENESIS, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT PRINCIPLES OF DRY EYE DISEASE: MODERN VIEWS
Beknazarov Muhammad Nazirjon ugli ,Abduganieva Hilola Abdurashid kizi, Valiyev Yunus Yusupovich , Department of normal and pathological physiology,Department of medical radiology ,Tashkent State Medical University, Faculty of General Medicine No2. 2nd-year student of Group 216-B:Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex, multifactorial, and dynamic pathological process of the ocular surface. The main pathophysiological element of the disease is the loss of tear film stability and osmotic imbalance, which leads to the activation of stress signaling and inflammatory cascades in epithelial cells. Modern scientific research considers hyperosmolarity not only as a mechanism for the occurrence of symptoms, but also as a key trigger factor that initiates the inflammatory process at the molecular level in the ocular epithelium. Therefore, the explanation of the pathogenesis of DED is not limited to the deficiency of tear production; it is formed by a complex interaction of osmotic stress in epithelial cells, proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis. This article systematically reviews the stepwise pathogenetic model of the disease, the sensitivity and specificity of clinical diagnostic markers, as well as individual and pathogenetically based treatment strategies. The relevance of osmolarity assessment in the diagnosis of CRC, the need to develop methods for measuring molecular and functional indicators, and individual treatment algorithms are explained by scientific evidence.
Keywords
dry eye syndrome, tear disorders, inflammatory process, osmolarity, immune mechanism, diagnostic tests, therapy.
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