Relevance. Different dietary patterns have varying effects on the course of chronic periodontitis. The Mediterranean diet (MD) is known for its anti-inflammatory effects, while the low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) helps reduce systemic inflammation and improve metabolic parameters. However, the comparative effectiveness of these two approaches in periodontosis has been insufficiently studied. Objective – to conduct a comparative analysis of the effects of the Mediterranean and low-carbohydrate diets on clinical periodontal parameters and to recommend the optimal option for patients. Methods. Modeling of two 6-month dietary interventions with assessment of periodontal indices (probing depth, bleeding, clinical attachment level) and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6). Results. Both diets showed positive effects, but MD improved the condition of periodontal soft tissues and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels to a greater extent, whereas LCD produced more pronounced weight loss and glycemic control, which is important for patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus. Conclusion. The Mediterranean diet is preferable for most patients with periodontosis, while the low-carbohydrate diet may be recommended when periodontitis is combined with obesity or type 2 diabetes.

periodontitis, Mediterranean diet, low-carbohydrate diet, anti-inflammatory nutrition, diet comparison.

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