The study analyzed pesticide residues in soil, water, and fruit and vegetable samples collected from greenhouse farms in the Surkhandarya region of Uzbekistan. Residual pesticide concentrations exceeding maximum permissible levels were found in 45% of soil samples and 30% of water samples. In fruit and vegetable products (cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers), exceedances of maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) were observed in 25% of samples. A correlation was established between pesticide content in soil and a decrease in the total microbial count (TMC), as well as changes in the microbial community structure (a decrease in the proportion of saprophytic bacteria and an increase in the proportion of resistant forms). The results indicate the need for enhanced monitoring and the implementation of biological plant protection methods.

Pesticides, residues, greenhouses, Surkhandarya region, soil, water, fruit and vegetable products, total microbial count, microbiological monitoring.

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