Philosophy in medicine is a critical interdisciplinary field that examines the conceptual, ethical, and epistemological foundations of medical theory and practice. It explores fundamental questions about the nature of health and disease, the justification of medical knowledge, and the moral responsibilities of healthcare professionals. This article analyzes key philosophical dimensions in medicine, including bioethics, clinical decision-making, patient autonomy, and the role of evidence-based practice. Drawing on both classical philosophical traditions and contemporary debates, the study demonstrates that medicine is not merely a technical discipline but also a value-laden practice shaped by ethical principles and humanistic concerns. Understanding the philosophical underpinnings of medicine enhances clinical judgment, improves patient care, and supports the development of equitable and compassionate healthcare systems in an increasingly complex global context.

philosophy of medicine, bioethics, epistemology, clinical ethics, patient autonomy, evidence-based medicine, medical decision-making, health and disease, humanism, medical practice, healthcare ethics, doctor-patient relationship, medical knowledge, professionalism

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