This article analyzes the anatomical, topographic, and morphological characteristics of cervical cancer, with a particular focus on its mechanisms of spread and clinical implications. The study aims to evaluate the correlation between histological features, tumor growth forms, and regional metastasis to optimize oncosurgical approaches.

A retrospective clinical and morphological analysis was conducted on surgical materials from patients diagnosed with cervical cancer. Standard histological examinations were used to assess the depth of stromal invasion, cellular differentiation, and lymphovascular involvement. Data systematization, statistical analysis, and visual assessment were performed utilizing modern medical information technologies, specifically Microsoft Excel.

The findings indicate that the exophytic growth form is the most prevalent (65-70%), followed by the endophytic form (20-25%). Histologically, squamous cell carcinoma originating from the transformation zone accounted for 80-85% of cases, while adenocarcinomas constituted 10-15%. A strong direct correlation was established between the depth of tumor invasion into the stroma and the frequency of lymphogenic metastasis to the obturator, internal iliac, and external iliac lymph nodes.

 The local spread and regional lymphatic metastasis of cervical cancer are strictly dictated by the tumor's macroscopic form, histological differentiation, and the complex vascular-lymphatic anatomy of the pelvic cavity. The study highlights the critical necessity of integrating digital technologies, statistical visualization, and principles of clinical bioethics (such as nerve-sparing surgery) into both modern clinical practice and the pedagogical processes of higher medical education.

Cervical cancer, topographic anatomy, tumor morphology, transformation zone, lymphogenic metastasis, squamous cell carcinoma, nerve-sparing surgery, medical information technologies, statistical visualization, clinical bioethics.

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