This article analyzes the functional characteristics of the microcirculation system from the perspective of normal physiology and its changes in various pathological conditions (inflammation, hypoxia, ischemia). The main objective of the study is to reveal the mechanisms of blood circulation disorders at the tissue level and their role in the pathogenesis of diseases. Based on the analysis of theoretical and practical data obtained through laser Doppler flowmetry and capillaroscopy methods, the impact of endothelial dysfunction and changes in blood rheological properties on the microcirculatory bed was evaluated. The results show that increased capillary permeability and microthrombosis form the basis of various systemic pathologies. The article serves as an important resource for medical institution students and young researchers in the in-depth study of the physiology and pathology of blood circulation.

Microcirculation, capillary permeability, endothelial dysfunction, blood rheology, stasis, tissue hypoxia, inflammation, microthrombosis.

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