Pediatric pulmonology addresses respiratory disorders in infants, children, and adolescents, encompassing a broad range of conditions such as asthma, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, cystic fibrosis, and pneumonia. With unique anatomical and physiological characteristics of the pediatric respiratory system, early and accurate diagnosis is essential. This article explores the current knowledge, clinical practices, and emerging research in pediatric pulmonology. It is structured according to the IMRAD format and aims to provide an in-depth academic discussion backed by authoritative sources and contemporary medical findings. This article presents a comprehensive scientific overview of pediatric pulmonology, focusing on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of respiratory disorders in children. Emphasizing the unique anatomical and physiological aspects of the pediatric respiratory system, it explores common conditions such as asthma, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, cystic fibrosis, and primary ciliary dyskinesia. Based on a qualitative synthesis of current literature and clinical guidelines, the paper discusses modern diagnostic tools and evidence-based therapeutic approaches tailored to pediatric populations. It also highlights the importance of multidisciplinary care and public health initiatives in improving respiratory outcomes for children globally. The article contributes to the growing body of knowledge essential for medical professionals, researchers, and healthcare policymakers in pediatric respiratory care.

Pediatric pulmonology, child respiratory health, asthma, bronchiolitis, cystic fibrosis, pneumonia, lung development, respiratory infections, pediatric respiratory diagnosis, airway diseases in children

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