The somatotropic hormone (STH), or growth hormone, is one of the key peptide hormones that regulates growth and metabolic processes in the human body. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the biosynthesis, secretion mechanisms, physiological effects, clinical significance, and pathological conditions associated with STH. Disorders such as gigantism, acromegaly, and pituitary dwarfism, as well as diagnostic and treatment methods, are reviewed on a scientific basis. The article also highlights the role and prospects of STH in modern clinical medicine.

Somatotropin, growth hormone, gigantism, acromegaly, dwarfism, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1)

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