Acute intestinal infections (AIIs) remain one of the most frequent causes of morbidity across various age groups, particularly among children and immunocompromised patients. Bacterial or mixed etiology infections often require antibiotic therapy, which can significantly disrupt the gut microbiota. This dysbiosis may manifest clinically and lead to prolonged gastrointestinal symptoms, malabsorption, and increased susceptibility to secondary infections. This article reviews current knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of dysbiosis induced by antibiotic treatment of AIIs and presents evidence-based strategies for restoring a balanced gut microbiota. Key approaches include using probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, alongside antibiotic stewardship and careful monitoring of gastrointestinal function.

acute intestinal infections, antibiotics, dysbiosis, probiotics, gut microbiota, antibiotic stewardship

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