Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains one of the most serious and frequent complications following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), particularly in patients with acute leukaemia. This study aimed to assess the incidence, clinical features, and outcomes of GVHD, as well as the effectiveness of correction methods used in a regional transplant centre in Uzbekistan. A total of 54 patients with acute myeloid or lymphoblastic leukaemia who underwent allo-HSCT between 2020 and 2023 were included. GVHD developed in 53.7% of cases, with acute GVHD occurring in 38.9% and chronic GVHD in 14.8%. The skin, gastrointestinal tract, and liver were the most commonly affected organs. Matched unrelated and haploidentical donors, as well as peripheral blood stem cell sources, were significantly associated with higher GVHD incidence. First-line corticosteroid therapy achieved a complete or partial response in 80.9% of acute GVHD cases, while steroid-refractory patients required advanced treatments such as ruxolitinib or extracorporeal photopheresis. GVHD-related mortality was 9.3%, with sepsis being the leading cause of death. These findings emphasise the need for early detection, risk-adapted prevention strategies, and improved access to second-line therapies to reduce GVHD-related complications and mortality in resource-limited settings.

Graft-versus-host disease, allogeneic transplantation, acute leukaemia, stem cell transplant, corticosteroids, ruxolitinib, immunosuppression, Uzbekistan, transplant complications.

Ferrara, J. L. M., Levine, J. E., Reddy, P., & Holler, E. (2009). Graft-versus-host disease. The Lancet, 373(9674), 1550–1561. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60237-3

Jagasia, M., Arora, M., Flowers, M. E., et al. (2015). Risk factors for acute GVHD and chronic GVHD after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: A joint analysis of the CIBMTR and EBMT. Blood, 126(1), 75–82. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2015-02-629527

Zeiser, R., & Blazar, B. R. (2017). Pathophysiology of graft-versus-host disease and therapeutic targets. New England Journal of Medicine, 377(26), 2565–2579. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1703482

Koreth, J., Antin, J. H., & Ritz, J. (2009). The role of T-cell alloimmunity in the pathogenesis of graft-versus-host disease. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology, 22(3), 459–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beha.2009.06.008

MacMillan, M. L., DeFor, T. E., & Weisdorf, D. J. (2010). The best therapy for acute graft-versus-host disease: The Minnesota experience. Blood, 115(6), 1224–1230. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-07-230243

Zeiser, R., von Bubnoff, N., Butler, J., et al. (2020). Ruxolitinib for glucocorticoid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(19), 1800–1810. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1917635

Shomirzaev, Kh. M., & Amerova, D. A. (2024). GVHD management in acute leukaemia patients after allo-HSCT: Regional observations. Uzbek Journal of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, 2(2), 50–58.

Gazkhanovna, M. A., Makhmatovich, A. K., & Utkirovich, D. U. (2022). Clinical efficacy of extracorporeal and intravascular hemocorrection methods in psoriasis. ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 12(2), 313-318.

Мадашева, А. Г. (2022). Коррекция диффузной алопеции при железодефицитной анемии. Science and Education, 3(12), 231-236.

Мадашева, А. Г., & Жураева, М. З. (2019). Биохимические показатели и комплексное лечение больных псориазом с лечебным плазмаферезом. Достижения науки и образования, (10 (51)), 78-82.

Ruziboeva, O. N., Abdiev, K. M., Madasheva, A. G., & Mamatkulova, F. K. (2021). Modern Methods Of Treatment Of Hemostasis Disorders In Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ученый XXI века, 8.

Мадашева, А. Г., Дадажанов, У. Д., Абдиев, К. М., Маматкулова, Ф. Х., & Махмудова, А. Д. (2019). Динамика электронейромиографических показателей и эффективность электрической стимуляции мышц у больных гемофилией с мышечными атрофиями. Достижения науки и образования, (10 (51)), 26-30.

Мадашева, А. Г. (2022). Клинико-неврологические изменения у больных гемофилией с мышечными патологиями. Science and Education, 3(12), 175-181.

Madasheva, A. G., Yusupova, D. M., & Abdullaeva, A. A. EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF HEMOPHILIA A IN A FAMILY POLYCLINIC AND THE ORGANIZATION OF MEDICAL CARE. УЧЕНЫЙ XXI ВЕКА, 37.

Turdiyev, Q., Maxmonov, L., Xaqberdiyev, Z., & Madasheva, A. (2025). FEATURES OF MAINTAINING RENAL FAILURE IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS ON GEODIALYSIS. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence, 1(1), 1481-1486.