Portal hypertension is a common and serious complication of chronic liver disease, particularly cirrhosis. It is defined by an increase in the pressure within the portal venous system and is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality due to complications such as variceal bleeding, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy. With advancements in diagnostic imaging and therapeutic interventions, the management of portal hypertension has significantly improved in recent years. This article explores the pathophysiology, current diagnostic modalities, and state-of-the-art treatment options for portal hypertension, highlighting recent innovations and clinical strategies.

portal hypertension, treatment, diagnosis, blood vassels.

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