Atherosclerosis is a complex and chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall that underlies major cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Experimental modeling plays a crucial role in understanding its pathophysiology and evaluating potential therapeutic interventions. This paper provides an overview of the current experimental models used to study atherosclerosis, including in vivo animal models and in vitro cellular systems. We discuss the methodological approaches, advantages, limitations, and translational relevance of each model. The paper concludes with a summary of challenges and future directions for improving the fidelity and applicability of atherosclerosis models in research.

Atherosclerosis, experimental model, animal studies, in vitro modeling, cardiovascular research, pathophysiology.

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